Ship



May 6, 1924. r w 1,492,981

' M. F. HILL SHIP Original Filed April 23. 1917 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 [NV/ZNTOR.

May a, 1924. v

v M: F. HILL 1,492,981

SHIP

Original Filed April 25. 1917 I5 Sheets-Sheet 2 IE:; 7 36 .E

avwmitoz M W 1m May a, 1924. 1,492,9 1

M. HILL SHIP Original, Filed April'zs. 1917 s Sheets-Sheet 5 avwewtozPatented May 6, 1924.

UNITED STATES MYRON F. HILL, OF NEW ROCHELLE, NEW YORK.

SHIP.

Application filed April 23, 1917, Serial No. 164,043. Renewed September15, 1923.

To all whom it'may concern:

Be it known that I, MYRoN F. HILL, a citizen of the United States,residing at New Rochelle, in the county of Vestchester and 5 State ofNew York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ships, ofwhich the following is a specification.

My invention relates to ships and to a process of construction therefor.

The urgent necessity of providing ocean transport at the earliestpossible moment, of developing raw material into the finished product inorder to solve the problem of immediate transfer of food, munitions andmen across the ocean, and to make up for the loss of shipping due tosubmarine depredations make'it urgently desirable to eliminate as muchlabor and as many mechanical processes as may be possible in themanufacture' of ships.

One object is a ship cast in sections adap ed to be fastened together.

Afurther object is to make it possible to unite ship sections bydepositing welding metal between the edges to unite plating and ribsinto an integral body.

Afurther object is to sosimplify the design that a single midshipsection may be a duplicate of many other midship sections, thussimplifying designing, drafting, pattern making and molding.

-A further object is to provide for a double skin or plate constructionwhere desired.

Another object is a system of construction eliminating connection metal.

Another object is to reduce theweight of all sheet metal portions bymaking inside surfaces corrugated or ribbed.

Another object of my invention is to provide water tight ,air cells torender the hull more buoyant in case it should be torpedoed.

In the drawings Fig. 1 shows the side elevation of a hull.

Fig. 2 shows a cross section thereof for a hull havin single plating.

Fig. 3 s ows in plan view how sections may be united.

Fig. 4 shows a plan view of how sections.

Fig. 5 shows an internal view of part of, or a whole section.

Fig. 6 shows an edge view thereof.

Fig. 7 shows a section of a hull having a double skin or plating.

Fig. 8 shows a plan of coring.

Fig. 9 shows a section made with two core sets like that shown in Figure8.

Fig. 10 shows a plan view of such a section with upper plating removedto show the ribs. I

Fig. 11 shows a rudder postsection.

Fig. 12 shows a detail.

Fig. 13 shows a plan view of Fig. 11 with upper deck removed.

-In Fig. 1 the hull is shown divided into section 5, 6, and 7,preferably electrically welded together by arc welding with a metal,welding electrode into an integral hull.

The keel may be cast solid as at 8, and side portions of the plating 9and parts of the ribs, 10, may be cast integrally therewith. Thesections 11 similarly cast with rib portions may be integrally united byelectric arc welding to the section 8910, by joints 12. Similarly othersections of the hull may be cast and united thereto. In Fig. 3, the 7section 13, provided with the integrally cast rib 14, may be welded tosections 6, which may also have similar ribs 15, and joints 16.

A stem section having the stem 17, and plating 18 maybe welded at 19 toother plates, 13 for example,'similar to that in Fig. 3.

Gates at 22 (see Fig. 5) may be provided in the mould, and gates maybeapplied to the rib 15, to distribute the molten metal. Ribs 20 and 21may assist the .flow, thus providing stronger plates more securelyunited to the rib 15. Such an 'irregular surface may be applied to allsections, preferably, though not necessarily, .to the inside surfaces.

The edges of all sections in aship may be chamfered as at 23 to providethe V- shaped groove most suitable for electric welding where plates orribs meet.

Fig. 7 shows a preferred form of hull. The lines 24 represent the weldedjoints or seams between the sections.

The sections 25, 26, 27, and 28 may Iepresent a complete transversedivision of empty the hull. The pattern for section 25 will serve tocast all the upper rows of sections on the two sides of the hull ofsimilar crosssectional form. 25. 25, etc. and 28. 28. etc. The patternfor section. 26 will serve' to cast all sections along the keel. such as26, 2G; 27. 27 etc. until the bow and stern sections are reached.Sections 26 and 27 may be cast as a single unit if desired. the openingsin the keel at 29 being cored. If cast separately. the middle member 30may he a separate casting united 'to the other two by welding at 31 and32.

Manholes 433 may be provided here\'. .r desired to enable the welder tocrawl between the two skins towcld'the edges of the ri s together. Theseholes may have disks welded over them and pipes may he welded throughthe plates so that the chambers in the. castings may be used for liquidfuel, ballast. or other liquid storage. a suitable pumping system beingemployed to fill and the same where desired. These chambers being airtight and water tight by reason of the welded joints also provide.buoyancy suflicient to largely contribute to the buoyancy of the vessel.Their subdivi sion longitudinally by transverse partitions assures suchindependence of the air chambers as will guard against flooding frompenetration or injury except. in the immediate neighborhood of thepoints of penetration.

Deck sections 34 may be cast (or rolled) and welded to the hull and toeach other.

Bulkheads may be provided, both transverse and longitudinal and weldedinto the ship.

Bilge keels 36 may also be integrally welded and. if desired. casthollow by suitably coring in the mould.

l-latchways 37 maybe cast in the deck sections where desired in theusual way.

'The hull may be provided with lower deck openings 38 if desired. castin the sections.

In Fig. 8 is shown a core for a section 26 or 27. If these two sectionsare cast together the right hand end of the core posts 39 may rest inthe .core forming a space 29 in the keel.

By these means a few patterns will serve for castings for most. of theboat. Flaws may be healed by electric welding.

In the double skin the cores may have ribbed surfaces so that theinvisible or in ner surfaces of the double plating have the checkeredribs as shown at it) or 41. (onnecting ribs 27 and 27" may also beprovided as shown in Figure 10. The moulds may be gated at: the ribs oredges or at 4'2. or anywhere desired. and also properly vented.

Frames for port holes 43 may be cast integral in the sections whereverdesired, as

takes occur in size.

well as all other details of equipment or mountings therefor capable'otsuch treatment.

Extra strength of plating, ribs and mountings may be cast for enginefoundations. Reinforcing metal. may be addedwhere needed.

(lips 44 and 45 may be cast on or electrically welded to all edges thathave to register with each other to guide each other into place. Theseclips should be applied to the inside of the plating between the twoskins and to the edges of ribs where they are to meet. but at. pointswhere the metal may be bent by the clips if not in proper registration.

The keel sections may be laid first. faired up by measurement. supportedon ays by the usual means and welded together. Then the side sectionsmay be applied, trued up by measurement andwelded. Before assembly theedge-s of the sections may, if desired.- be trued to templets or gagesby hammering or bending under hydraulic presses if necessary. and theedges trimmed or cut by tho oxy-acetylene flame. if mis- Flaws may behealed by electric welding. or by welding on patches. The rudder post 46may be inserted upward through the hole 47 and the socket 48 thereafterfitted to the post and welded to the keel at 49. i

It is generally estimated that riveted 7 weakest points is so widespreadthat the injury at any joint is not so severe but that it can beremedied by dry docking and tightening.

By casting larger sections with integral ribs, the number and extent ofjoints is very greatly reduced. This is only practicable however whenthe joints are substantially stronger than riveted joints.

According to my invention. the desired additional strength of the jointsmay be attained up even to the condition of joints stronger than theplates.

The problem of joining sections of cast steel together is quitedifferent from the prollflem of joining together plates of rolled steeRolled steel plates have hard. smooth surfaces created by rolling.

Cast steel plates do not have such surfaces but have surfaces that arerough because of being molded in sand.

If it was attempted to rivet together the edges of such cast plates, thetops ofthe roughnesses of the plates would be brought into contact,leaving many. openspaces between them and forming crevices for theintroduction of water and consequent corrosion.

of being weaker than riveted joints between rolled plates becomestronger than such joints, for cast steel welds,most successfully.

The casting is preferably accomplished by employing the latestengineering principles such for example as is known as the block systemof moulding.

. Rolled sheet metal sections may be welded to castings where ribs arenot required for strength.

I prefer to employ a system of Welding providing welded joints strongerthan the adjoining metal in the castings. If the joints were weaker.crystallization would be concentrated at, the joints and in time disruptthem. It is recognized that the idea has been suggested of building aship by bolting together a number of cast metal sections which areprovided with edge flanges bolted together. Such a ship however would besubject to the disadvantage that the seams would tend to bend about thebolts and cause leaks. With the present invention the edges of the shellsegments are secured to each other end edge to end edge, that isdirectly edge to edge, without the use of flanges. By this constructionthe joints receive direct tensile and compression stresses, so thatbending stresses such as are exerted on the joints of flanged shellsegments are avoided. It is to be understood that the drawings areintended merely to show the general idea pf one form of my inventionwithout attempting to indicate the exact location of each stiffening ribor girder in its relation to the shell plating throughout the entireship.

It is also to be understood that the particular form of cast steel plateshown here in detail is only one illustration of the application of myinvention. Obviously the castings may vary in dimensions and type tosuit the requirements of any particular ship within the generalprinciples of the invention.

Many variations lie within the scope of my invention, the features ofconstruction shown being merely illustrative .of its general character.

'hat I claim is 1. A ship hull having shell plating and internalstrengthening ribs or frames composed of .sections, each sectioncomprising integral shell and frame members and adapted to be handled asa unit for and dur ing the erection of the hull, said sections beingunited at their edges, the edges of the shell portions of one to theshell portions of another, and the edges of frame members of one toframe members of another to form continuous girders.

2. The combination claimed in claim 1, having each of the said sectionsformed of cast metal, and having shell and frame members cast integrallyin the samemold.

3. The combination claimed in claim 1,

comprising a plurality of sections of duplicate form.

4:. The combination claimed in claim 2, comprising a plurality ofsections of duplicate form.

5. The combination claimed in claim 1, having sections extending fromthe bilge to the rail and othersections extending from the bilge to thekeel.

6. The combination claimed in claim 2, having sections extending fromthe bilge to the rail and other sections extending from the bilge to thekeel.

7.- The combination claimed in claim 1, comprising a plurality ofsections of duplicate form extending from the bilge to the rail andother sections extending from the bilge to the keel.

8. The combination claimed in claim 2, comprising a plurality ofsections of duplicate form extending from the bilge to the rail andother sections extending from the bilge to the keel.

9. The combination claimed in claim 1,

having said frame members lying in two di- Iii) directions at angles toeach other and having integral joints.

11. The combination claimed in claim 1, comprising aplurality ofsections of duplicate form, having said frame members lymg in twodirections at angles to each other and having integral joints.

12. The combination claimed in claim 2,

comprising a plurality of sections of duplicate form, having said framemembers lying in two directions at angles to each other andhavingintegral joints.

13. The combination claimed in claim 5, having said frame members lyingin two directions at angles to each other and having integral joints.

14. The combination claimed in claim 2,

having sections extending from the bilge to the rail and other sectionsextending irom the bilge to the keel, and having said frame memberslying in two directions at angles to each other and having integraljoints.

The combination claimed in claim 1, having the edges of the shell andframe members of one section Welded to corresponding members of theadjoining section.

16. The combination claimed in claim 2, having the edges of the shelland frame members of one section welded to corresponding members of theadjoining section.

17. The combination claimed in claim 3, having the edges of the shelland frame "members of one section welded to corresponding members of theadjoining section.

18. The combination claimed in claim 2,

comprising a plurality of sections of duplicate form, having the edgesof the shell and frame members of one section welded to correspondingmembers of the adjoining section.

19. The combination claimed in'claim 1, having sections extending fromthe bilge to the rail and other sections extending from 3 the bilge tothe keel, and having-the edges of the shell and frame members of onesection welded to corresponding members of the adjoining section.

20. The combination claimed in claim 2;

having sections extending from the bilge to the rail and other sectionsextending from the bilge to the keel, and having the edges of the shelland frame members of one section welded to corresponding members of 40the adjoining section.

21. The combination claimed in claim 15, having the said edges buttwelded.

22. Thecoinbination claimed in claim 16, having the said edges buttwelded.

23. The combination claimed in claim 1?,

having the said edges butt welded.

24. The combination claimed in claim 18,

ardized units, each containing longitudinal and transverse stifi'enerscast integrally with one another, the end edge of the stiffener of oneunit being joined directly to the corresponding edge of the stifiener ofthe adjoining unit.

28. A ship hull consistingof a plurality as of cast steel sectionsprovided with horizgntal stifieners welded end edge to end e a e.

59. A ship hull composed mainly ofsections, each section havin andinternal strengt ening ribs and ada ted .to be handled as a unit daringthe bail ing of the hull, the edges of the shell plating of one sectionbeing joined directly to the edges of the shell plating of the adjoiningsections. I v.

30. A ship hull composed mainly of sections,

.eaclr section having integral shell plating and internal strengtheningribs and ada ted to be handled as a unit during the building of thehall, the edges of the shell lating of one section being joined direct yto the edges of the shel latingof the adjoining sections, said sectionsbeing formed of cast metal.

31. A ship hall composed main] of sections, each section having integrals e11 plating portions and internal strengthening frame members and adated to be handled as a unit durin the bail ing of the hull, the edges ofthe s ell platin portion of one section bein joined direct y to theedges ofthe shell p ating portion of an adjoining section, said sectionsbeing-formed of cast metal and the frame members of each of saidsections being joined to the frame members of neighboring sections.

32. A ship hull composed mainl of sections, each section havin integrals iell plating and internal strengt henin frame members and adapted tobe han led as a unit during the building of the hull, the edges of theshell portions of one section being joined directly to the edges of theshell portions of the adjoining sections, said sections being formed ofcast metal, the frame members of each of said sections being joined tothe frame members of neighboring sections directly edge to edge.

In testimony whereof I allix my si ature.

MYRON F. IT ILL.

integral shell plating 65

